Pet Wellness Related Articles – Page 2

A Guide to Your Pet’s Diet

Pet Health Articles

As pet owners, we all want the best for our furry friends, and feeding them a nutritious, balanced diet is crucial for their well-being. American pet owners spend nearly $60 billion a year on pet food. Owners have many pet food options, and flashy packaging, commercials and marketing jargon can make the decision overwhelming.

But What Is the Best Diet for Your Dog?

It’s not a simple black-and-white answer. Factors like your dog’s age, breed, existing health conditions, activity level, environment, preferences, and your budget all play a role in selecting their food.

Making an Informed Decision

It’s essential to look beyond the marketing and understand the nutritional needs of your dog. Dogs are omnivores, meaning they can eat meat and plants to meet their nutritional needs, if the sources are of good quality and highly digestible. Dogs need a combination of amino acids as protein, essential fatty acids from fats, carbohydrates from recognizable whole foods, vitamins, minerals, and water.

Scientific research by veterinary nutritionists shows the minimum nutrient requirements necessary for optimal health at various life stages. These minimum standards have been established by the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO). Commercially prepared diets recognized by AAFCO reflect the minimum amounts of protein and fat and maximums for water and fiber. When buying pet food, it’s essential to read the label and ensure that it’s backed by AAFCO standards. Information regarding specific levels of nutrients found in various dog food should be readily available from the manufacturers.

Quality Matters

The quality and source of ingredients in pet foods matter. Reputable manufacturers invest in research, formulation, and feeding trials to ensure their diets meet high standards of digestibility.

Different Dogs Have Different Needs

Different dogs have different energy requirements. Puppies, nursing mothers, dogs recovering from procedures and working dogs typically need higher energy diets. Senior dogs need fewer calories but still require specific nutrients. A diet labeled for senior dogs should contain lower calories, higher protein, lower carbohydrates, pre and probiotics, and certain fatty acids and antioxidants to address issues associated with aging. Consulting your veterinarian is crucial to determine your pet’s specific nutritional needs. For most adult dogs, two measured meals a day is optimal.

Dry vs. Wet Food

Both dry and wet commercial diets can provide balanced nutrition. Dry food is generally more budget-friendly and convenient, while wet food can increase sensory appeal and provide hydration. Some dry foods are also formulated to mechanically remove dental tartar.

Alternative Diets

While some dogs may benefit from a home-cooked diet, it’s essential to ensure that essential vitamins and minerals are added. Pets with food allergies may benefit from home cooking, though only under veterinary supervision and with appropriate supplementation. Bland diets such as chicken and rice can be fed for short-term digestive upset, though it is not a complete and balanced meal. Transitioning a pet from one diet to another requires slowly mixing foods for about a week.

Raw diets are not recommended due to the risk of bacterial contamination and nutrient imbalances. Consumption of these diets expose animals to bacteria and parasites such as Salmonella, E. Coli, and toxoplasmosis.

We know most pets fed a balanced, commercial diet that meets minimum standards do not need extra vitamin supplementation, though some dogs will need additional enzymes to promote digestion.

How Much Food Does Your Dog Need?

Overfeeding and high-fat diets can lead to obesity in pets, causing metabolic diseases like diabetes, joint strain, and respiratory issues. Treats should make up no more than 10% of your pet’s caloric intake. Apples, carrots, and blueberries are low-calorie, nutritious snacks.

When it comes to feeding your dog, your veterinarian is your best resource. Veterinary professionals use the formula: 30 x weight in kg (or pounds divided by 2.2) + 70 to calculate the daily caloric needs of a healthy, adult dog. But this is just one factor. Lifestyle and body condition score, breed, age, and metabolism are also considered.

With many options available in the market, prioritizing quality and nutritional value over fancy packaging and marketing is essential. Always consult your veterinarian to ensure your dog’s diet meets their specific needs.

View our Pet Wellness Videos for more expert pet advice.

At Pet Butler, we want you and your pet to live your best and healthiest lives, which is why we offer Pet Waste Removal and Pet Care services year-round. We offer weekly, bi-weekly, monthly, and one-time clean-up services to meet your schedule and needs.

Dog DNA Testing

Pet Health Articles

From Ancestry to Health Insights

Utilizing only a tiny fraction of your dog’s DNA, emerging technology can potentially aid pet owners, veterinarians, and breeders in multiple ways. These advancements enable the determination of ancestry, uncover genetic predispositions for various diseases and reveal traits like muzzle length and ball-retrieving ability. Additionally, this innovative approach can shed light on the balance of bacteria in your pet’s mouth and digestive system and their ability to metabolize specific drugs.

Understanding Genes and Their Impact

Think of your genes as DNA stretches that unfold the story of your pet’s health, heritage, behavior, and appearance. In the 1990s, lab testing of blood samples facilitated a breakthrough in detecting genetic markers related to several hereditary diseases, like copper toxicosis in Bedlington Terriers. In 2007, Wisdom, alongside Paw Print Genetics and Embark, tapped into the newly mapped complete canine genome, encompassing around 20,000 genes on 39 chromosomes! Leveraging this advancement, they began offering direct-to-consumer pet DNA testing using oral swabs, delivering results in just three weeks.

Initially, the value of over-the-counter DNA test kits was limited. They focused on identifying shared DNA sequences among purebred dog breeds, analyzing cheek swab samples to gauge how closely a pet’s DNA resembled known breeds. For those with mixed-breed dogs, these kits allowed them to trace their pets’ ancestral line back to their great-grandparents and determine their area of origin. Owners were informed about their dog’s likely breed makeup through a pie chart. This information proved helpful for understanding various traits, like a tendency to dig in terriers or a long, curly tail in Akitas.

Pet owners could tailor their training and care approaches according to their pet’s predominant breed. By understanding their dog’s genetic predispositions, they could proactively manage breed-specific conditions, such as obesity in retrievers. Additionally, behavioral assessments and modification plans could incorporate insights derived from experience in training specific breeds and historically successful treatment protocols.

Like the features offered by 23andMe for humans, those who submitted their pet’s DNA samples through biobanks could utilize the “find my pet’s relatives” feature. This allowed them to connect with other pet owners whose pets shared common DNA variants, fostering a sense of community among owners of genetically related animals.

In the past decade, significant advancements have occurred in DNA testing, enabling data collection from multiple generations of more than 350 genetically unique breeds. Extensive biobanks now exist, containing information from thousands of pets. This research establishes connections between specific gene variants and hundreds of diseases and traits, showcasing the practicality of DNA testing that extends well beyond mere breed identification, ancestry exploration, and entertainment purposes.

The Function of Genes

Let’s understand how genes function! Specific gene variants exhibit dominance or complete penetrance, meaning the presence of a specific version of a gene invariably results in the expression of a particular disease or characteristic. For instance, dogs with brown eyes; they possess a dominant brown eye allele that determines their eye color. However, they may also carry a version of the gene linked to blue eyes.

On the other hand, some gene variants necessitate additional DNA sequences to be fully expressed. Various factors like breed, age, sex, nutrition, and lifestyle can influence the likelihood of certain diseases appearing in a pet. For example, in German Shepherds, degenerative myelopathy is associated with a genetic mutation. However, only some dogs with copies of this mutation eventually develop the disease, and the reasons for this remain to be fully understood.

Interestingly, Yorkies with the same genetic variant rarely show signs of degenerative myelopathy. Genes and their expression are complex, and we are still learning how they affect health and behavior.

Genetic Markers and Disease Risk

As more genetic markers are identified, the veterinary community has increasingly embraced screening pets as part of their wellness approach. Embark offers a specialized panel that decodes your dog’s DNA, revealing essential information about its breed and ancestral origins. The test can also screen for over 250 heritable diseases, including conditions like progressive retinal atrophy. When present in one or two copies, specific genetic variants raise the likelihood of passing the mutation to future litters or symptoms in your pet.

For example, a specific mutation found on the MDR1 gene, common in herding breeds like the collie, pets carrying this mutation become more susceptible to drugs such as ivermectin, certain anesthetics, and Imodium. If your pet inherits two copies of this mutation, one from each parent, their sensitivity to these drugs becomes even more pronounced. Your veterinarian then will make necessary adjustments to treatments, avoiding any potential drug toxicity if your pet is identified as a carrier of the MDR1 variant or has mixed ancestry with breeds commonly affected by this mutation.

Vet Care Plans

Pet reports available to the owner and veterinarian include the presence or absence of genetic mutations, health risks associated with mutations, pet ancestry, 35+ traits related to your pet, including increased shedding or intolerance to altitude changes, level of inbreeding or genetic diversity, and even predicted adult weight. Trait analysis and weight predictions are 85-99% accurate, while the presence of genetic health markers found on DNA is 99.9% accurate. Embark also offers veterinary and owner consults to interpret data, identify symptoms, and suggest treatment for genetic diseases. With all this information at our fingertips, vets can create more personalized care programs and proactively manage pets’ health.

By providing a small sample of your dog’s fresh feces, scientists can assess the well-being of your pet’s gut microbiome. Any imbalances in the intestinal bacteria may lead to symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, and weakened immunity. Veterinarian recommendations are based on their specific requirements for supplements. They adjust their diet to address digestive issues, improve your pet’s health, and extend their lifespan. Basepaws, a new DNA testing company, offers oral biome DNA testing. Identifying the presence of certain oral bacteria increases the probability of tooth resorption, halitosis, and periodontal disease. After test completion, owners receive a personalized report and treatment suggestions, including products endorsed by the Veterinary Oral Health Council.

Dog Breeding

Breeders use DNA testing as part of their tool kit to breed dogs clear of specific genomic variants or mutations and increase genetic diversity, ensuring healthier puppies. Selection of compatible breeding pairs lowers health risks for future litters and is crucial to a good breeding program.

Canine DNA and Human Health

Sequencing, or decoding the canine genome, has applications beyond the species; genetic mutations for certain diseases like Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy are found on the same gene in dogs and humans. Studying the canine genome and finding commonalities with humans make dog DNA a perfect model for researching new treatments and testing in people. The more dogs tested, the more data scientists collect, and the more we learn about how diseases are inherited, identified, and progressed among all species.

View our Pet Wellness Videos for more expert pet advice.

The Importance of Spaying and Neutering Your Pet

Pet Health Articles

Over the past few decades, veterinary medicine has witnessed remarkable advancements: injectable long-acting antibiotics, DNA testing for genetic diseases, digital X-rays, and telehealth platforms. However, amidst these changes, one message has remained constant: the importance of spaying or neutering your pet. The evidence supporting this practice is compelling, as it helps prevent pet overpopulation, shelter overcrowding, and unnecessary euthanasia while providing health and behavioral benefits to our beloved animal companions.

Early vs. Delayed Sterilization: Weighing the Benefits and Risks

The timing of pet sterilization plays a crucial role in assessing its benefits and risks. Early spaying and neutering involves sterilization after six weeks and before six months of age and is a widely practiced and generally preferred approach. This procedure is deemed very safe for young animals due to faster surgical and anesthetic recovery and the less developed blood supply to the reproductive tract, making it less technically challenging and time-consuming.

To prevent reproductive maturation, some owners may spay or neuter their pets before they reach six months of age. Several studies suggest that waiting until 12-18 months to spay or neuter your pet could offer health advantages. Delayed sterilization may help prevent certain orthopedic diseases and cancers, especially benefiting large male dogs. Additionally, intact females of large breeds, such as the Labrador Retriever, might experience reduced conditions like urinary incontinence.

Despite these findings, it’s essential to acknowledge that the existing studies are limited in scope and retrospective. Therefore, there is a pressing need for new, more robust research on the effects of delayed spaying and neutering.

A Longer, Healthier Pet Life

There are several important benefits to spaying and neutering your pets. One of the main advantages is the reduced risk of developing severe health issues such as malignant mammary tumors, pyometra, and testicular and prostatic diseases. These conditions can be life-threatening and may significantly impact your pet’s well-being. Spaying and neutering can also lead to a longer and healthier life for your beloved companion.

Studies have shown that spayed female dogs tend to live 23-26.3% longer than unspayed females, while neutered males experience an increase in life expectancy of 13.8-18% compared to intact males. This means you’ll have more quality time with your furry friend, which can also lead to lower medical expenses throughout their lifetime. Opting for spaying or neutering can greatly improve your pet’s overall health and lifespan, ensuring they remain happy and by your side for many years.

Behavior Benefits

In sterilized populations, certain behaviors tend to decrease, such as escaping confinement and roaming in search of a mate. However, these increased roaming behaviors can expose dogs to various dangers, including vehicular injuries, aggressive or ill wildlife encounters, and exposure to harsh elements.

Neutering can also play a role in reducing specific types of aggression in dogs and curtailing urine marking, as it helps to lower testosterone levels. Additionally, sterilized pets minimize behaviors like mounting, excessive vocalizing, and incessant barking.

Nevertheless, it’s crucial to remember that some behaviors might be learned and reinforced over time, making them more challenging to change. Therefore, if you plan to neuter your pet, it is advisable to do so earlier to have a better chance of positively influencing their behavioral patterns. Neutering pets later in life are less likely to change already established behaviors.

Addressing Misconceptions

While spaying and neutering receive overwhelming support from pet owners, veterinarians, and animal care professionals, certain misconceptions and challenges about animal sterilization persist. One point of contention is that these procedures increase the occurrence of joint problems, various cancers, and immune disorders, as suggested by several recent studies.

However, it’s essential to look at the bigger picture and assess the risks and benefits of these surgeries based on overall pet health and longevity rather than focusing on a handful of diseases. In fact, current scientific research indicates that sterilized pets tend to live longer, experience lower rates of more common diseases like mammary cancer or pyometra, and have a reduced likelihood of dying from infections and trauma.

One common concern among pet owners is the potential for their spayed or neutered pet to gain weight. Hormones do play a role in metabolism and muscle mass regulation. Additionally, their nutritional and caloric needs may change as pets reach physical maturity. To address this, it is essential to closely monitor your pet’s weight, caloric intake, diet, and exercise before and after the surgery. Your veterinarian can offer valuable nutritional guidance and exercise tips as your pet ages.

Another worry among pet owners is the fear that spaying or neutering might alter their pet’s personality. While neutering reduces circulating testosterone levels, it doesn’t eliminate it entirely. However, it’s crucial to note that female dogs with litters are not inherently more docile or gentle than those who have gone through a heat cycle or produced puppies. The temperament of your mature pet will not be affected by spaying or neutering.

Affordable Options

One potential barrier to sterilization is the upfront cost, which can be a challenge for pet owners facing economic hardships. However, there are various resources available to address this issue. Community rescue programs, veterinary colleges, and low-cost clinics offer affordable yet high-quality sterilization procedures and other preventive care options. Private donations and municipal funds often support these organizations.

It’s important to note that while low-cost providers can offer surgical services, they may not include follow-up care or post-operative medications. To ensure comprehensive care, establish a relationship with a primary care veterinarian.

If you’re looking for these services, consider contacting your local veterinary college, animal control, or rescue organizations. Additionally, websites like Adopt a Pet and Pet Help Finder can be valuable resources.

While shelters and rescues already sterilize many adopted pets, verifying and taking responsible ownership measures is still essential. Pet insurance can be a helpful option for those concerned about surgical expenses, and financing programs like Care Credit are available to most pet owners for their pet’s healthcare needs.

Investing in spaying, neutering, and preventive care for your pet is a wise decision that will contribute to their overall health and longevity.

View our Pet Wellness Videos for more expert pet advice.

The Lifesaving Mission of Animal Shelters and Dog Adoption

Pet Adoption Articles

The Role of Animal Shelters and Rescues

Animal shelters and rescues play a crucial role in our society, providing a safe haven for various animals, including dogs, cats, horses, pigs, chickens, and more. Funded by state or local tax dollars, shelters serve as the initial refuge for stray dogs and pets surrendered by their owners. Working closely with animal control, city, and county shelters also provide care for dogs rescued from abusive situations, unwanted litters, and other lost animals. Due to the diverse conditions and unknown medical histories of incoming animals, overcrowding and limited resources may sometimes lead to the difficult decision of euthanasia. However, the primary goal is to avoid this fate by facilitating animal transfers to rescue groups, promoting adoptions, and reuniting animals with their families whenever possible.

Challenges Facing Animal Shelters and Rescues

Rescues operate thanks to private donations, volunteers, and community support. Some have well-equipped facilities and ample staff to handle intake, evaluation, transport, veterinary care, and other animal needs. Meanwhile, smaller or breed-specific rescue groups rely on volunteer foster parents to provide temporary shelter and introduce pets to potential adoptive families. These rescue organizations often offer comprehensive medical care, which can be costly for each animal. To ensure the best care, reputable groups provide new intakes with health and behavioral assessments and vaccinations for rabies, distemper, parvovirus, and kennel cough. Additionally, animals undergo fecal and blood testing to detect internal parasites and receive treatment if necessary. The rescues prioritize spaying or neutering to help control future pet overpopulation issues and address any other medical and behavioral needs before facilitating adoption.

Pet Adoption Process

When considering pet adoption, research the rescue organization’s local reputation and rating on charitynavigator.org. This site assesses non-profit organizations based on accountability, finance, culture, leadership, and results. Reputable groups prioritize using most of their donations to impact pets in need directly. The adoption process may vary between rescue groups, often involving extensive interviews, “meet-and-greets” with existing family members and pets, reference checks, and a home visit to ensure a safe and suitable environment. Embrace the process! These thorough adoption procedures ensure the perfect match between owner and pet, leading to forever homes.

Shelter and Rescue Data

Obtaining accurate records on rescue populations can be challenging since not all entities track all information, and reporting requirements vary among organizations. Rural and underserved communities often underreport statistics on pet populations, and underfunded shelters and rescue groups may lack the necessary technology or means to report data. The Humane Society of the United States created the National Database Shelter Animals Count in 2011 in response to these discrepancies. Fortunately, data accuracy is improving with the support of surveys from the American Pet Products Association, reports from the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA), and collaboration with the ASPCA and Best Friends Animal Society.

Shifting Trends in Pet Ownership

Historically, shelters and rescues have seen a higher influx of animals than the number of adoptions yearly. Presently, there is a gap of about 4% between the intake and outflow of animals, resulting in 4.4 million animals entering shelters in 2022. The COVID-19 pandemic shifted this trend, with many homebound individuals seeking animal companionship to alleviate loneliness and feeling they had the time to care for a pet. The percentage of families owning pets rose from 59% in 2017-2018 to 70% in 2021-2022. However, inflation, the lack of affordable housing, and inadequate pet training have led some people to surrender the animals they acquired during the pandemic. Additionally, an increase in pet purchases from breeders has contributed to a significant rise in the number of animals languishing in shelters.

Pet Shelter and Rescue Advocacy

In better news, advocacy groups promoting pet adoption have significantly reduced the euthanization of healthy pets to historic lows. Over 4,400 brick-and-mortar shelters estimate that less than 750,000 adoptable pets are euthanized annually, a remarkable 63% decrease since 2016. It’s important to note that this figure doesn’t account for animals euthanized due to untreatable medical or behavioral conditions. Pet rescue supporters tirelessly fundraise, facilitate the transportation of adoptable animals from overcrowded shelters, and educate the public on responsible pet ownership. These advocates stress the significance of preventative care, spaying and neutering, and proper pet training. Additionally, they provide valuable guidance to pet owners regarding low or no-cost resources.

How You Can Help

Getting personally involved is the key to reducing animal shelter intakes and euthanasia. There are various ways to contribute, such as cleaning kennel cages, raising funds for constructing new facilities, fostering a pet, or screening adoptive families. With all the love animals give us unconditionally, it’s the least we can do.

View our Pet Wellness Videos for more expert pet advice.

Nutritional Enrichment for a Happy Pup

Dog Behavior Articles

Nutritional Enrichment and Your Dog’s Instincts

Nutritional enrichment enhances your dog’s quality of life by incorporating food into their natural instincts to seek, forage, find, sniff, hunt, taste, lick, and chase. Similar to the way a piece of cake in the refrigerator excites and satisfies us, the same hit of neurotransmitters is experienced by your dog when they detect the presence of food. Even the least food-motivated dogs have their interest piqued knowing that a tasty treat is out there for the taking.

Importance of Your Dog’s Sense of Smell

Dogs rely heavily on their sense of smell, making it their most dominant sense. You can engage your dog’s sense of smell by introducing new food reward toys, puzzles, and games. Start slow – it’s important to remember that just like you wouldn’t expect a new puppy to immediately understand that outside is for potty, introducing toys that require some degree of brainpower should be done gradually, ensuring success rather than frustration.

Try leaving a soft toy overnight in a container of shredded cheese or dried beef jerky. The next day, the toy will smell delicious to your pup. Hide the toy under a dish towel and observe if they try to nudge the towel aside to get the reward, discovering the toy’s secret location. If not, lift the towel and reward their interest with praise and a treat.

Toys for Nutritional Enrichment

The most popular toys that provide nutritional enrichment dispense treats or food.

Rolling balls with small openings for kibble require your dog to smell the food, then push the toy with their paws or nose to allow a treat to come out. You can adjust the difficulty.

Rubber Kong toys can be filled with snacks like kibble, bananas, rice mixtures, or moistened kibble, then put in the freezer. Frozen treats delay the reward, and sniffing, licking, and manipulating the toy provides enrichment.

Lick mats and silicone pads with nubs or crevices can stimulate your pup. You can smear some peanut butter or plain yogurt or top them with low-sodium chicken broth and freeze them.

Puzzles that require sliding panels, flipping open doors, or checking fleece pockets for kibble are meant for highly intelligent dogs like Border collies, pointers, shepherds, and some terriers that might need this extra stimulation!

Easy DIY Dog Toys and Games

Some of the most creative and cost-effective enrichment ideas come from pet owners themselves.

Upcycle your Amazon boxes by hiding treats inside and letting your dog roll, chew, and toss the box for their reward. As they become more adept at the game, increase the challenge by placing boxes or cardboard towel rolls around the house filled with kibble for an interactive hide-and-seek hunt or nest boxes of decreasing size with the treat in the smallest box.

Make pupsicles using canned pumpkin, pureed veggies, or broth for a refreshing treat on hot days. For smaller pets, use an ice cube tray instead.

Hide kibble in muffin tins or empty egg cartons and cover each compartment with an unbreakable object like a tennis ball or cup. Your pet must use their mouth or paws to uncover the food.

Create a snuffle mat from an old felt blanket or towel by cutting it into strips and tying them to a rubber bathmat or dish drainer. Hide bacon-flavored treats or freeze-dried fish in the felt strip “lawn,” and watch your dog sniff, dig, and forage for their reward.

Use multiple food bowls to feed your dog their nightly meal. Vary sizes and shapes to keep mealtime fun and stimulating.

Bury food rewards in a basket filled with soft toys, pillowcases, or towels. Perfect for those days when your pup needs some mental stimulation but you need a break.

Keep Track of Calories

Every meal and snack presents a chance to improve your dog’s nutrition. Even though the experience of seeking and eating food is enjoyable, it’s essential to keep track of calories. Beginning your day with a pre-measured bag of kibble and treats to use with toys or games is good practice. Food enrichment toys are handy when the weather is unfavorable or you have a long workday. Don’t forget to balance your dog’s calorie intake with appropriate physical activity.

Nutritional enrichment helps support a healthy lifestyle for your dog by stimulating their innate tendencies, providing mental stimulation, and encouraging bonding. And remember, it’s all about having fun!

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View our Pet Wellness Videos for more expert pet advice.

At Pet Butler, we want you and your pet to live your best and healthiest lives, which is why we offer pet waste removal and other services year-round. We offer weekly, bi-weekly, monthly, and one-time clean-up services to meet your schedule and needs.

The Pet Parent’s Checklist: How to Assess Your Pet’s Health in Minutes

Pet Health Articles

Why It’s Good to Keep Tabs on Your Furry Friend’s Health

Proper diet, exercise, grooming, vaccinations, and preventative care are essential to helping our pets live their best lives. It takes a village to raise a healthy pet; your veterinary team, groomer, trainer, dog walker, and pet sitter are all integral parts of managing and maintaining your best friend’s physical and mental well-being. But who keeps an eye on the front line? You do! And as the person who monitors your pet’s daily habits and appearance, the pet parent will be the first to spot signs they aren’t feeling well. Even a first-time pet owner can quickly assess these health parameters. By noticing any deviation in your pet’s “normal,” you can seek medical attention and resolve problems quickly.

First Things First: Checking Your Dog’s Mood and Body Condition

Initial assessment of your pet begins upon approach. A healthy pet is alert, shoulders relaxed, tail wagging, weight evenly distributed or even in a bow, and ready to engage in play or other activities. Though shape among breeds differs, pets of an ideal weight and body condition will have a slight tuck upwards of their abdomen and, from above, an hourglass shape. You should be able to feel, but not see, their ribs. Diet and exercise play a significant role in maintaining an ideal weight which is critical for managing the onset of problems such as respiratory and orthopedic disease. A change in weight that isn’t intentional should be cause for concern and discussed with your veterinarian.

From Head to Paws: Examining Their Body

Once you’ve evaluated their body condition and attitude, you can do a nose-to-tail check on other body systems. A wet nose doesn’t indicate hydration status or health, but discharge from the nose or eyes can indicate disease. The nose can be black, pigmented, light pink, or have spots. But any changes in appearance, color, crusting, or swelling are abnormal. Eyes should be clear, track movement, not be sunken or dull, and have no discoloration of the eye or surrounding tissues. That thin triangular piece of pink skin in the corner of your dog’s eye? Normal and healthy! The third eyelid provides additional protection and distributes tear film.

Dogs with healthy ears will have no odor, redness, swelling, discharge, or touch sensitivity. You may expect a small amount of yellow to tan wax, but your pet should exhibit no other symptoms of infection or illness. Head shaking, whining, or obvious growths in or on the ear canal should prompt a visit to the veterinarian. Allergies or unaddressed trauma usually cause ear infections. Handle your pet’s healthy ears often and introduce them to cleansing solutions and gentle inspection. They will be more agreeable to future examinations and treatment if and when that time should come.

Making Sure Those Chompers are in Good Shape

What’s not to love about puppy breath? For most dogs, that sweet smell disappears by 3-6 months when their adult teeth replace their baby teeth. But that doesn’t mean you should stop opening your pet’s mouth to evaluate teeth, gums, and odor! Gently rub your dog’s cheek, raise their lips, and open them wide. Gum color in dogs is variable; some are more highly pigmented than others. That’s why it’s best to do regular home checks to detect changes in your pet’s appearance. Moist, pink gums, tongue, and fresh breath are signs of good health. Foul odor, pale, dry gums, heavy tartar, missing teeth, bleeding, or oral masses are not. Maintain oral hygiene with daily brushing, rinses, and even treats or specially formulated kibble. Because oral health affects the heart, kidneys, and other body systems, staying on top of home care and performing regular checks is critical.

Checking Your Pet’s Tummy

As you slide your hands past your dog’s head and shoulders, there shouldn’t be resistance from a bit of pressure on the belly. A regular appetite and daily bowel movements are indicators of good health. The stool should be brown and firm but not hard, absent of blood or mucous, and easy to pick up. Regular eating habits amongst dogs can differ wildly; some prefer moist to dry food, some eat once daily, while others are grazers or need an audience. Tell your vet about unexpected changes in your pet’s appetite, food preference, stool consistency, color, and frequency. Stress, parasites, pancreatitis, and other mild to severe diseases can affect your pet’s gastrointestinal system.

Inspecting Under the Tail

Even healthy dogs don’t generally like to be inspected under the tail. But check, you must! Signs your pet is healthy include a lack of odor or discharge from around your pet’s genito-urinary tract, no signs of excessive licking such as hair loss or wetness, and the ability to urinate a good stream of light yellow, clear urine several times daily (preferably outside, on command) without obvious pain or strain. Healthy dogs with ample clean, fresh water should have no problems eliminating routinely 3-5x a day. Issues within the urinary tract can escalate quickly; if you notice your pet’s voiding routine has changed, call your vet immediately.

Feeling for Lumps, Bumps, and Parasites

Reward your pet’s cooperation during their at-home exam with lots of kisses and snuggles. Rub your hands through their fur and feel for any lumps or bumps. Notice the texture and thickness of their coat, and be aware of any sensitive or itchy spots, dandruff, or redness. Like the gums and nose, their skin may normally be darkly pigmented, spotted, or all pink. All coats should be free of mats, smells, scales, and oil. As a grand finale, check for parasites. Ticks lurk on the ears, under the armpits, and even between the toes. Fleas may only leave tell-tale “dirt” behind, or you may be able to spot the fast-moving buggers. While skin disease isn’t usually a medical emergency, checking in with the pros should your dog not pass a cursory exam with flying colors is always best.

Expert Vet Advice

At Pet Butler, we want you and your pet to live your best and healthiest lives, which is why we offer pet waste removal and other services year-round. We offer weekly, bi-weekly, monthly and one-time clean-up services to work with your schedule and needs.

Puppy Playtime: How to Keep Your Pet Active and Engaged

Dog Activities Articles

The First 48 Hours

Welcoming a new puppy can be both exhilarating and chaotic. In the first 48 hours, you can expect to clean up many accidents, but there will also be plenty of opportunities for napping and snuggling with your new furry friend. You will want to contact your veterinarian to schedule a first check-up, where you can discuss your puppy’s nutrition, grooming, parasite prevention, and vaccination requirements. It’s crucial to choose activities that are best suited to your puppy’s needs. Training, exercise, and social stimulation are essential for your puppy’s development, especially since puppies are most receptive to new experiences such as sounds, smells, and other animals, and learning good behaviors before they reach three months old.

Unique Considerations for Puppy Training & Exercise

When creating a training and exercise plan for puppies, consider their unique needs and circumstances such as body condition, health status, breed, environment, and schedule. It’s not surprising that smaller dog breeds generally require less physical activity than larger ones. Indoor exercise can be enough for smaller breeds like poodles, pugs, and Maltese puppies. Still, owners should be careful not to neglect their exercise needs. Overweight issues are common in smaller breeds, so keeping them active is essential. On the other hand, larger dogs and working breeds like Australian Shepherds need more vigorous exercise to stimulate their bodies and brains. When puppies are bored or have excess energy, they may resort to destructive behavior, such as digging or barking incessantly for attention. Providing chew toys like a Nylabone or Kong stuffed with kibble can be a helpful outlet for teething puppies in addition to regular playtime and walks.

Keeping Puppies Engaged and Mentally Stimulated

Because puppies have shorter attention spans than their older counterparts, breaking up their playtime and training sessions into shorter blocks is essential. You can consider 10-15 minute sessions or stop when your puppy becomes distracted. Add variety to your activities to keep your puppy engaged and mentally stimulated. Rotating through their toys and finding new places to play is a good idea. For example, a wooded trail offers new smells and exploration. Likewise, beach play can expose your pup to the texture of sand, some seagulls to chase, and water for splashing.

Indoor Puppy Playtime

If the temperature outside is too hot or cold, consider indoor dog parks and daycares specifically for puppies. Before joining a group, ensure your puppy has a clean bill of health from a veterinarian since puppies are more likely to get transmissible intestinal parasites due to their immature immune systems. Vaccines are essential; dogs are typically fully vaccinated by 4-5 months. While some retail stores are pet-friendly, call ahead before taking your puppy with you. If you have a neighbor with a well-behaved and healthy pet, you can plan fun games like tug-of-war or zoomies with them in your living room.

Protecting Your Puppy’s Growing Bones

As young puppies, especially those of larger breeds, have bones like the femur and radius in a state of rapid growth and development, high-impact exercises performed over a long period can cause orthopedic issues. It would help if you conditioned your puppy to longer hikes and light jogging gradually. While playing ball or running after a friend is acceptable, it is important to let your puppy decide when to rest and respect that. While you may look forward to going for a run with your dog, saving endurance sports for when your pup has completed most of its growth is best. Puppies and young dogs who limp may have overexerted themselves at the dog park or have developmental issues such as hypertrophic osteodystrophy or cartilage defects. If this lasts more than a day after exercise and despite rest, it is time to contact your veterinarian.

Starting Off Right: Puppy Obedience Training

Starting obedience training as soon as you bring your puppy home is crucial. Use training treats sparingly and maintain consistency with commands and cues. Consistent practice is the key. A well-trained pet is safer and more enjoyable. The importance of early training cannot be overstated, as it will help build your puppy’s confidence and strengthen your bond. It also forms the foundation for future training. Once your puppy is old enough for obedience classes, word of mouth, breed clubs, and your veterinarian’s office are great resources for finding a trainer or a class. Group training classes offer an excellent opportunity for your puppy to socialize and learn crucial non-verbal communication skills, such as bite inhibition, in a safe, supervised environment. With these efforts, your furry friend will soon be delightful.

At Pet Butler, we want you and your pet to live your best and healthiest lives, which is why we offer pet waste removal and other services year-round. We offer weekly, bi-weekly, monthly and one-time clean-up services to work with your schedule and needs.

Diseases that Mimic Obesity in Pets

Pet Health Articles

You have upped your pup’s workout routine to include 30-minute walks, twice a day. You’ve added a few hills and varied pace, counted calories and changed up treats to include apple slices and baby carrots. A download from WSAVA provided you with intel on body condition scoring and the importance of monitoring body weight to get an accurate picture of your pet’s nutritional health and general wellness.

But what happens when your pet is still gaining weight despite your efforts, or their weight is stable, but they are losing muscle mass? Maybe their “waist” is still present when viewing their profile from above, indicating a body condition score of 5, but a side view shows a generous potbelly and leads you to believe they may be more like an unhealthy 9?

First of all, great job on monitoring these important health indices! Second, it’s time to call in the health care professionals, your veterinary team members, for an assessment. When there are inconsistencies, inexplicable changes in weight, or your pet experiences shifts in appetite, energy or hydration needs, call your vet.

There are several diseases that can mimic obesity in pets, so it’s best to assess your pet’s condition as soon as possible.

Common Diseases in Dogs

Hypothyroidism

One of the most common diseases among middle-aged to senior dogs is hypothyroidism. The thyroid glands control metabolism, and when hormone levels are low, your pet may experience lethargy, hair loss, weight gain or recurrent skin and ear infections.

Breeds predisposed to hypothyroidism include our retriever friends, doberman pinschers, Irish setters, boxers, poodles and cocker spaniels. A simple blood test followed by thyroid supplementation can set your pet on the road to wellness.

Cushing’s Disease (Hyperadrenocorticism)

Cushing’s disease, or hyperadrenocorticism, is another endocrine disorder that disproportionately affects boxers, terriers, poodles, dachshunds, and maltese breeds. The disease is caused by an over-production of steroid hormones, namely cortisol.

Overmedication of pets or chronic use of a steroid called “Prednisone” can also lead to Cushing’s disease. Cortisol in healthy pets regulates the body’s response to stress and helps modulate the immune system. In excessive amounts, too much cortisol can lead to weight gain, a decreased ability to fight infection, increased water consumption and appetite, a swollen appearance to the abdomen and deposition of fat stores in the shoulder and neck areas. It can also lead to hair loss, thinning or darkening of the skin and lack of energy.

While often manageable, Cushing’s disease is a serious problem in middle-aged to older pets that may require surgery or lifelong medication and blood testing.

Pancreatic Tumors

The pancreas is made up of cells responsible for producing and secreting insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. Dogs that have tumors of the pancreas secrete excessive amounts of insulin, causing glucose levels to drop, weakness, dull mentation and weight gain.

Blood testing paired with a biopsy at the time of surgery to remove the tumor can be diagnostic and curative if the cancer has not spread.

Fluid in Belly and/or Chest

Free fluid, water or blood in the abdomen can lead to changes on the scale or a bloated belly despite consistent calorie intake and exercise. Diseases that lead to water retention or leakage of fluid out of the bloodstream and into the abdomen are many and can affect young and old animals alike. Liver disease, gastrointestinal diseases that cause low blood protein and heart disease can all lead to fluid build-up in the belly and/or chest.

Certain cancers or trauma can cause free abdominal fluid or blood loss into the abdomen, resulting in a pot-bellied appearance.

Intestinal Parasites

Puppies are adorable, no doubt; however many pups harbor intestinal parasites, giving them that rotund appearance. Most puppies are exposed to roundworms, hookworms, tapeworms and whipworms in utero via the maternal milk supply or in the environment. Intestinal parasites rob the puppies of necessary nutrients, so deworming and regular fecal testing are necessary.

No matter the cause, a sudden change in your pet’s body shape or size should be considered an emergency and prompt a visit to the veterinarian immediately. At Pet Butler, we want your pup to be their happiest and healthiest, which is why we’re here to take care of their waste. Call 1-800-PET-BUTLER to learn more about our waste removal services and how we can keep your yard clean.

Myths On Vitamins and Supplements for Your Pets

Pet Health Articles

Health supplements and similar wellness products have greatly increased in both acceptance and usage. Preventative medicine has become so culturally pervasive that even our canine friends are affected. Many owners have begun using pet vitamins to boost their furball’s fitness. Among other trends, glucosamine and CBD chews have become household names for treating dog health problems (glucosamine for joint mobility, CBD for anxiety relief). But are these solutions safe and helpful for dogs? Unsurprisingly, it depends.

The first thing to know before giving your dog any kind of booster is that these products aren’t FDA approved. Unlike most human supplements, there is no governmental agency that regulates pet-related vitamins. While the National Animal Supplement Council (NASC), ASPCA, and other organizations do conduct research on some of these products, uncertified supplements remain on the market. Like any misused drug, they can be very dangerous. Also, misconceptions relating to “organic” and “natural” solutions have caused problems in the past. Businesses have used these terms in a way to convince buyers about the safety of certain medicines, mainly that something “organic” means that it’s risk-free. Don’t fall for that trap. Be sure to use only the highest quality brands, and always double-check with your veterinarian before feeding them to your pet.
Second, don’t give your dog vitamins unless it’s necessary! While businesses insist that supplements offer preventative benefits, there’s no strong scientific evidence behind these claims. There have also been instances where dogs react adversely to certain vitamins. If your dog is healthy and on a regular diet, especially one approved by your veterinarian, there is no reason to add more chemicals to the mix. If you’re concerned about your dog’s vitamin/mineral intake, consider moving to a premium pet food delivery service. They do a great job establishing a consistent routine with wholesome, nutritional diets. On the other hand, homemade and vegan diets can be detrimental to your pet’s health. Heavily consider switching from these diets and only use correctional supplements as a last resort.
Third, choose the correct product and amount for your pet. Many owners don’t realize that their dog’s dietary needs change based on age. Puppies, adults, and senior dogs will all require different kinds of add-ons. For example, younger pups tend to need extra vitamin A, which relates to fetal development and organ function, while older dogs need extra vitamin B to improve brain function, energy levels, and cell metabolism. Also, obviously, only feed dog vitamins to dogs and cat vitamins to cats. In very specific cases, it’s possible that a supplement can help both species, but this is rare. This logic is also true for human supplements: don’t give your Flintstones Gummies (or any other multivitamin) to your pet; it can make them very sick. Once you have the correct supplement, be sure to use them according to your veterinarian’s prescriptions. More importantly, do not give your pet more than the prescribed amount. There’s a common misconception that increasing vitamin intake will yield healthier results that are not accurate. Instead, they’d have digestive problems or other negative symptoms.

What Are Some Suggested Vitamin Supplements?

Stick to the following suggestions when choosing a vitamin supplement, or talk to your veterinarian about different booster options:

PetHonesty 10-For-1 Multivitamin is free of grain, corn, soy, artificial flavorings, and preservatives. It comes in a few different flavors and supports the skin, coat, joints, heart, digestion, and immune responses for dogs.
Nusentia Probiotic Miracle contains six probiotic strains and helps dogs suffering from diarrhea, upset stomach, constipation, yeast overgrowth, bad breath, and itching and scratching.
Revival Animal Health Oxy Mate Prenatal Vitamin has fortifying nutrients for both pregnant dogs and cat. The iron, folic acid, and zinc are particularly helpful for developing embryos.
NaturVet VitaPet Puppy Daily Vitamins has all the ingredients required for growing pups, including several amino and fatty acids. As a plus, it acts as a breath freshener!
VetriScience Laboratories Canine Plus Senior Multivitamin supports heart, liver, brain, and eye functions – all of which are particularly vulnerable for elderly pets.
PetNC Natural Care Hip and Joint Soft Chews eases aches and pains from the hip and joint complications with glucosamine, chondroitin, and methylsulfonylmethane (MSM).
Ocu-GLO Vision Supplement is for dogs that have age or illness-related eye problems. It is board certified and offers lutein for increased eye support.

At Pet Butler, we understand what it means to want to provide the best possible care to your clients. That is why when you hire Pet Butler, we remove all your pet’s waste from your yard everything – guaranteed. Learn more about the services we offer here!

Tips For Pet Sitting A Dog With Depression

Dog Behavior Articles

As pet sitters, you’ve got the unique experience of caring for a multitude of pets. You get a snapshot view of their environment and habits when their parents aren’t around. However, what happens when that behavior is depression? That is why Pet Butler has the tips you need to pet sitting animals with pet depression.

What are the signs the pet could be depressed?

One of the more common issues pet sitters might encounter is a pet who is seemingly depressed. Any time a pet’s environment changes, whether it’s the loss of another canine companion or the departure of their loved ones for a weeklong vacation, a pet may become sad. Often, their distress begins to develop when departure cues are commenced such as the emergence of luggage or the sound of the garage door opening. By the time a pet sitter arrives, a pet may be pacing, hiding, disinterested in normal activities such as a walk or game of fetch. Changes in appetite may also indicate a pet is depressed. Many sad and anxious animals will refuse food or treats and lose weight or have signs of gastrointestinal distress such as vomiting or diarrhea. Other pets who are depressed compulsively lick a body part or seem to search for their family members in the house, exhibiting restlessness. Changes in sleep patterns may also indicate a pet is depressed; when they feel like a grey cloud has descended, they often stay bed-bound and want to sleep the day away like their human counterparts.

How can I prepare for a pet with depression?

Whenever you are taking on a new pet sitting client, try to get as much medical and behavioral history as possible. Are they on any medication? Who should you call if the pet hasn’t eaten in two days? Do you have permission to take the pet to their veterinarian if you are concerned about their health and well-being? If so, do you have the pet’s vaccination history, a credit card to pay for services, and written authorization from the owner? It is best to maintain their routine as much as possible. Do you know their regular schedule for walks, nap time, and playtime? Can you spend time with the pet on several occasions before you are tasked with their care? Get to know what is “normal” for that pet so you can better spot any unusual behaviors and develop trust.

While it may seem like an enthusiastic greeting and drawn-out departure would invigorate a depressed pet, the opposite is true. When you enter any pet’s home, you can let them outside to eliminate but wait until they are calm to give them attention and affection. As pet sitters, we want to encourage “good dog” behavior. By turning our arrivals and departures into ho-hum, ordinary events, pets are less likely to feel depressed when we leave. When you leave the home, alter the sequence of your exit cues. At one visit, wash the dog bowls when you arrive, at another do it just before you leave. Try using a different door when you leave the home. If it is your habit to hang up leashes or harnesses, leave them on the counter until the next visit. Pets’ depression grows as each familiar sign of your imminent departure occurs.

What can I do to help my pet client perk up?

If you are sitting a pet you know is prone to depression or anxiety, carry along some tasty treats such as freeze-dried liver bits or rotisserie chicken. Sometimes mixing a little chicken broth into their normal kibble will get an appetite back on track. Physical activity is a great remedy for situational depression and loneliness. Can you add in an additional jog around the block or game of fetch? Do they have a canine buddy they can tumble with to keep them socially engaged? For senior pets, perhaps you can spend some time snuggling on the couch, watching a movie, or brushing their fur till it shines. A new toy such as a food puzzle may be a good distraction if you need to leave them for a longer stretch of time. Many animals are comforted by the familiar smell of their human’s tee-shirt or towel placed where they sleep. Ask owners to leave one for their pooch.Pet wellness